Sooner or later, thin grooves and folds - wrinkles - form on every woman's face. They may vary in depth, but modern cosmetic techniques can make them less noticeable or even remove them completely. In addition, thanks to proper facial care, you can delay their appearance for years.
Let's look at the types of wrinkles and the causes of their appearance, as well as ways to eliminate them and methods of prevention.
Types of wrinkles on the face
By locationBeauticians identify wrinkles on the forehead, between the eyebrows and around the eyes, the so-called "crow's feet".
In addition, there are nasolabial folds, marionette folds that extend from the corners of the lips to the chin, and small pouch folds that occur above the upper lip.
In terms of depth, wrinkles are superficial, medium and deep.
- Superficial wrinklesaffect the top layer of skin - the epidermis. As a rule, they are small, there can be many of them and they can occupy a large area. Such wrinkles, which form a network of cracks, are usually caused by dry skin.
- Medium deep wrinklesoccur when superficial wrinkles form and deepen into the middle layer of the skin - the dermis. This is primarily because special cells called fibroblasts begin to synthesize less collagen, elastin and hyaluronic acid.
- Deep wrinklesoccur primarily in areas of natural skin folds. Their development is associated with processes in the skin and subcutaneous fat, muscle hypertonicity, structural features of the face and even genetic predisposition.
The tactics for preventing and combating wrinkles depend on the causes of their appearance and therefore should be given greater attention.
The main reasons for its appearance
There are several main factors that contribute to the appearance of deep potholes or fine wrinkles on our skin.
Natural aging
As a rule, age-related wrinkles appear on the face after the age of 40. In response to reduced production of female sex hormones, collagen production decreases, cell renewal rate decreases, and skin loses moisture and elasticity.
Additionally, gravitational ptosis may occur with increasing age. When the soft tissues of the face are weakened and have lost their elasticity, it becomes difficult to resist gravity, as a result of which the oval of the face deforms, the skin begins to sag, wrinkles and deep wrinkles form.
Active facial expressions
Active facial expressions can cause pronounced wrinkles to appear as early as the age of 20. The thing is that our facial muscles are attached to the skin and they move following the contraction and lengthening of the muscles. If the facial muscle contracts regularly, the skin in the affected area no longer smoothes over time and a superficial wrinkle forms, which can later turn into a deep wrinkle.
Habits that we often don't notice in ourselves, such as: B. Frowning, raising or frowning, squinting and laughing lead to the formation of wrinkles.
Photo aging
Prolonged exposure to ultraviolet radiation on the skin leads to cell damage and so-called photoaging. UVA rays disrupt the processes occurring in the epidermis and also destroy collagen and elastin in the dermis. The result is that the facial skin becomes weakened, dehydrated and wrinkled.
Improper care
The appearance of wrinkles is often accompanied by drying out of the skin and disruption of the process of shedding of the horny cells of the epidermis. Therefore, skin care, including regular cleansing, nutrition and hydration, is extremely important.
If you don't follow these steps or use the wrong cosmetics, your face can age prematurely and wrinkles appear.
In addition, a genetic predisposition and a dry skin type can be responsible for the early appearance of noticeable wrinkles.
Complicating factors
In addition to the main causes, there are several other factors that lead to the formation and deepening of wrinkles.
Health problems
Dental and jaw problems can contribute to the development of wrinkles on facial skin. Some wrinkles, such asSome areas, such as nasolabial folds and nasolacrimal furrows, become more pronounced due to swelling and fluid accumulation in the tissue.
Deterioration in skin quality and the appearance of sagging skin and wrinkles can be a manifestation of diseases of internal organs such as the endocrine glands, liver, kidneys or lungs.
stress
Constant stress can also lead to wrinkles. During severe emotional stress, increased cortisol production occurs, which slows the production of collagen, elastin and hyaluronic acid by fibroblasts. As a result, the facial skin loses turgor, i. e. the ability to return to its original state after compression, and wrinkles form.
When you are stressed, the blood vessels in the skin spasm and the facial muscles tense up. All of this gradually leads to the appearance of wrinkles.
Bad habits
All bad habits affect the beauty of our face.
Passive lifestyleworsens vascular tone and lymphatic drainage, causing the skin to become less elastic and prone to wrinkles.
Late bedtime and constant lack of sleeplead to drying out of the skin and shorten the precious time the body needs to repair the epidermis. The fewer hours you sleep a day now, the more wrinkles will appear on your face in a few years.
Poor dietcauses the skin to age. Strict diets, especially those with too little protein, mean that the skin no longer has enough material to build tissue. And the abundance of carbohydrates in food, including sweets, leads to "saccharification" of collagen fibers, as a result of which they become brittle and lose their elasticity. All this leads to premature aging and the formation of wrinkles.
Smoke- one of the main bad habits that affect the appearance of your face. Tobacco smoke contains many harmful compounds that lead to skin diseases, dehydration, loss of antioxidants in the skin and poor blood circulation. Smokers have a much higher risk of developing deep wrinkles than non-smokers.
Wrinkles often arise from a combination of several causes.
Methods for treating wrinkles
There are many techniques to smooth out wrinkles and make your skin firm, fresh and radiant again.
Facial massage
Thanks to a good manual and machine massage, you can improve blood circulation and lymphatic drainage, saturate tissues with oxygen, stimulate regeneration processes in the skin and eliminate swelling.
In addition, manual massage allows you to relax the deep muscles, returning them to their original length and position, thereby smoothing facial wrinkles.
A series of procedures gives a noticeable effect, but after just one session, wrinkles become less visible and the face looks fresher and younger.
Despite the seeming harmlessness of massage, this method of correcting wrinkles has contraindications. In cases of cancer, blood diseases and enlarged lymph nodes for some reason, it is impossible to stimulate blood circulation and lymphatic drainage. In addition, massage is contraindicated for neuralgia and skin problems: exacerbation of herpes, purulent inflammation and allergies.
People prone to allergic reactions should not use essential oils when massaging their face.
Acid peels
In the fight against wrinkles, superficial and medium peels, which are carried out with acidic cosmetics, are effective.
Superficial peelingHelps exfoliate the upper keratinized cells of the facial skin, accelerates the process of renewal of the epidermis, evens the texture and color of the skin and eliminates small superficial wrinkles. Typically, salicylic, lactic or glycolic acid or a mixture of lactic and salicylic acid is used for this procedure.
Medium peelingpenetrates deeper into the dermis and stimulates the active synthesis of collagen and hyaluronic acid, skin renewal and the smoothing or reduction of medium-deep wrinkles. It causes flaking and crusting, requires a recovery period and the use of special care products, but has a more pronounced effect. To remove wrinkles, post-acne and other skin problems with its help, glycolic acid, trichloroacetic acid or yellow peel are most often used.
However, without knowing how to properly use a peel, dermatitis can occur even from a product with a slight acid content. Therefore, it is best to contact a beautician for the procedure.
Botulinum therapy
To eliminate crow's feet, facial wrinkles on the forehead, between the eyebrows and other areas, injections of drugs based on botulinum toxin are actively used. The muscle that forms the fold becomes temporarily immobile, its fibers relax, return to their previous length and the skin fold also straightens.
The effect lasts six months, after which the procedure must be repeated.
Botox itself is harmless and does not cause poisoning, as microscopic doses of neurotoxin are used to smooth wrinkles. However, wrinkle correction should only be carried out by a professional - a beautician who knows the structure of the face well, since complications are possible if the drug is administered incorrectly.
The most unpleasant side effects include eyelid ptosis, drooping eyebrows and limited lip mobility.
Plasma lifting
With the help of injections of plasma with a high content of platelets obtained from your own blood, you can stimulate the regeneration processes of the skin and eliminate wrinkles.
Platelets contain growth factors that activate the production of collagen and elastin by fibroblasts. Thanks to them, plasma lifting restores the firmness and elasticity of the skin, helps to eliminate expression lines and age-related wrinkles, provides a lifting effect and improves complexion.
The same technique is used to stimulate hair growth on the head.
Plasmolifting is safe because the patient's own cells are used as medication. .
But such anti-wrinkle injections, like any cosmetic procedure, have contraindications. These are bleeding disorders, taking antithrombotic drugs, oncology with metastases and purulent inflammatory skin diseases.
Mesotherapy
Mesotherapy is effective in correcting wrinkles and preventing aging. It involves introducing microinjections of hyaluronic acid, vitamins, amino acids and other useful substances into the desired area, which is selected by a beautician depending on the needs of the facial skin.
In addition to the components of the drug, microtrauma caused by a thin needle affects. They stimulate the skin's own regeneration processes and the production of collagen and elastin.
Mesotherapy is good for moisturizing dry skin and combating the first signs of aging, including superficial wrinkles.
The recovery period is short: the bumps remaining on the skin after the injections disappear after a few days.
The result of the procedure - the reduction of the depth of wrinkles - lasts for one and a half years.
However, in addition to traditional contraindications, mesotherapy is not suitable for people suffering from severe kidney disease. And it is important to remember that there is a risk of an allergic reaction to the drug.
Small lifting
SMAS lifting, the effect of which is compared to plastic lifting surgery, helps to eliminate superficial and medium-deep wrinkles, make nasolabial folds less pronounced and improve the shape of the face.
The device for this procedure emits ultrasound that penetrates deep into the skin to the muscle layer and stimulates the production of collagen and elastin.
The beautician treats specific areas of the face with wrinkles for 30-90 minutes. In this case, the patient feels warmth, a slight tingling sensation and a feeling of tension in the skin.
The strongest effect, including the correction of facial wrinkles, is achieved approximately six months after the procedure and lasts more than a year. In this case, just one session every few years is enough.
contour plastic
Another option for wrinkle correction is contour plastic. During the procedure, a filler is injected under age and facial wrinkles - a biodegradable hyaluronic acid gel or the body's own fatty tissue. The injection fills the gap, smooths the skin and gives the face a more youthful appearance.
The same technique is used to restore harmonious facial proportions, including the contours and volume of the lips.
The effects of non-surgical contouring last up to two years.
However, this is a fairly serious wrinkle removal procedure that should only be performed by a professional doctor and only with certified medications. A poor-quality filler, an incorrectly selected density or an improper injection under a wrinkle can lead to the opposite effect - the appearance of unevenness and even tissue fibrosis or disruption of facial expression.
Fractional photothermolysis
Fractional photothermolysis can eliminate wrinkles of any depth and restore skin elasticity. The procedure uses a fractional laser. Its beam, broken into small beams, penetrates deep into the skin and damages it at specific points, stimulates regeneration processes and activates collagen production.
Due to the fact that the laser works in a specific step and does not process the entire tissue, recovery occurs very quickly.After the procedure, red spots appear on the face for a short time, but no serious heat burns occur.
After just one session, a pronounced rejuvenation effect and the disappearance or reduction of wrinkles can be felt.
The procedure is moderately painful and requires a recovery period.
Laser peeling
In addition to fractional, i. e. targeted photothermolysis, a general laser peeling is also used to combat wrinkles, in which the entire face is treated evenly. It removes dead cells layer by layer by evaporating areas of tissue. The depth of impact can be superficial or moderate.
The effect of the anti-wrinkle procedure is similar to an acid peel, with the difference that a laser is used for peeling instead of acid.
Multiple sessions of laser rejuvenation can smooth fine lines and reduce deep age and facial wrinkles.
However, after a medium laser peel, the damage is greater than after fractional exposure, so a longer recovery period is required.
In order to choose the optimal procedure for combating wrinkles, it is best to consult a beautician. He assesses the condition of the facial skin and the general condition of the body, indications and contraindications for the use of various cosmetic methods against wrinkles and recommends the most effective and safe method.
Preventing wrinkles: advice from a beautician
The formation and deepening of wrinkles can be prevented by taking proper care of your skin and replacing some bad habits with healthy ones.
Care that keeps your skin young
Care that includes high-quality cleansing, moisturizing, caring for the skin and protecting the face from ultraviolet radiation will help delay the appearance of wrinkles.
To exfoliate old cells, cosmetologists recommend using acids.
Cosmetic products with hyaluronic acid are particularly suitable for moisturizing the skin and preventing wrinkles.
To stimulate collagen production and maintain fiber, you should pay attention to cosmetics with retinol, peptides and antioxidants.
In addition to basic care - creams that protect facial skin during the day and regenerate it at night - you can also use serums with active ingredient concentrates to prevent wrinkles.
Instead of choosing cosmetics by trial and error, it is better to make an appointment with a beautician. He will develop the optimal care program for you and select the products that are tailored to the needs of your skin.
Habits that will help delay the appearance of wrinkles
A few other recommendations will help slow down the formation of wrinkles.
- Dream. To regenerate facial skin, it makes sense to sleep at least 7 hours a day.
- Water. To activate the skin's metabolic processes, you need to drink enough water - about 2 liters per day.
- Nutrition. Building healthy, firm and wrinkle-free skin requires a balanced diet with plenty of protein, fatty acids and vegetables. At the same time, it is important to limit flour and sweets.
- Train.Exercise is necessary for good blood circulation and lymphatic drainage in the facial area. Not only all sporting activities are suitable, but also walks in the fresh air.
- Relaxation. To prevent wrinkles, it is important to learn to relax the facial muscles. Visiting a massage parlor or self-massage as well as psychological practices can help.
- Quiet. In order to prevent premature aging of the skin and the formation of wrinkles, it is advisable to learn to deal with stress and allow it into your life as little as possible.
Through proper care and lifestyle changes, you will improve the health and appearance of your facial skin and reduce the number of wrinkles that will appear in the future.
Trust experienced beauticians, take care of your appearance, sign up for cosmetic procedures in professional centers with qualified doctors.